Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing health care, enhancing diagnostics and patient outcomes. However, it also poses significant challenges related to safety, oversight, and governance. Physicians and health care organizations must address these issues to maintain patient trust and mitigate risks. One critical risk is the adoption of AI without adequate governance, leading to potential inaccuracies and biases in patient care. While standards for AI safety are emerging, gaps in oversight still exist, necessitating stronger frameworks for responsible use. Physicians should critically evaluate AI tools by understanding their training, data sources, and real-world testing. Monitoring essential metrics like accuracy and reliability is vital. Furthermore, traditional governance models are inadequate, especially with the rise of advanced AI systems and “shadow AI” — unauthorized tools in health environments. Learning from other safety-critical industries can guide health care leaders in fostering a transparent, accountable AI landscape. Those prioritizing governance will better safeguard patient interests while embracing innovations.
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