AI in Water Management: A Conservation Ally or a Resource Drain? – Exploring Environmental Law

AI is increasingly intertwined with everyday life, including water conservation, particularly in South Africa, one of the world’s driest countries. Agriculture utilizes about 79% of the nation’s land, and AI could be key in optimizing water use amidst challenges like climate change and population growth. Recent government policies, such as the National Policy on Cloud and Data, emphasize sustainable practices for data centers, urging them to lessen their reliance on electricity and water grids. Although there are no specific AI regulations about water use yet, existing environmental laws apply. AI presents opportunities for water-saving technologies, like leak detection and drought-resistant crops. However, the high water consumption associated with data centers poses a risk, especially in drought-prone areas. Companies like Google and Microsoft are taking steps to mitigate water use. South Africa must balance AI development with environmental sustainability to preserve its water resources and avoid exacerbating scarcity.

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