Indonesian authorities highlight the risks of generative AI (Gen AI) being exploited by terrorist groups like ISIS and al-Qaeda for propaganda. However, these groups have been slow to adopt Gen AI due to their weakened capacities, stemming from recent crackdowns on entities like Jamaah Ansharu Daulah (JAD) and the voluntary disbandment of Jemaah Islamiyah (JI). The research identifies two main factors affecting the adoption of Gen AI in jihadist propaganda: the technology’s inherent nature and the operational constraints of violent groups.
While there is a possibility that sympathizers may utilize Gen AI for spreading extremist ideologies on social media, access to these advanced tools remains limited compared to traditional platforms. Moreover, safety measures by global AI companies pose additional challenges. Despite the minimal current exploitation of Gen AI by jihadist factions, policymakers must stay alert to potential abuses and harness Gen AI’s capabilities for countering extremist narratives effectively.
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