Exploring Sociotechnical Factors in the Adoption of AI-Enabled Clinical Decision Support Systems in Ophthalmology: A Theory-Driven Interview Study | BMC Health Services Research

Participants’ experiences with ophthalmic AI Clinical Decision Support Systems (AI-CDSS) varied significantly. While some were well-versed and utilized these tools in clinical settings, many reported limited exposure and awareness. About half of the respondents had some experience with AI-CDSS, though only four were actively using them for clinical tasks. Concerns arose about distinguishing AI from traditional algorithms, and several ophthalmologists expressed intentions to adopt AI in the near future. Sociotechnical factors significantly impacted AI-CDSS adoption, ensuring usability and performance were paramount, and participants emphasized the importance of intuitive interfaces and reliability in clinical settings. Most ophthalmologists viewed AI as a valuable support system, particularly for complex diagnostic cases. However, barriers to implementation, including financial and infrastructural limitations, were also acknowledged. Participants recognized that AI would not replace their professional identity but rather shift their roles, enhancing patient care while requiring ongoing validation and adaptation to AI integration in clinical practices.

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