Introducing the Latest CRP: Advancements in AI-Enhanced Radiotherapy Contouring

The IAEA has initiated a two-year coordinated research project aimed at utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance contouring in cancer treatment, a process critical for effective radiation therapy. This initiative addresses the challenges and limitations of integrating AI tools into radiotherapy practices, where significant variations in contouring exist despite advancements in radiation oncology. Accurate contouring is vital, as errors may lead to improper tumor targeting or unnecessary radiation of healthy tissues. The project builds on a previous study that explored AI’s role in identifying organs-at-risk. By employing AI and explainable AI (XAI), the IAEA aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of contouring tasks while examining potential biases introduced by these technologies. The current CRP specifically investigates AI’s capability to assist in identifying gross tumor volumes, a more complex task requiring advanced medical judgement. Overall, the project seeks to enhance cancer treatment outcomes through improved contouring practices.

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