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Regulators Grapple with the Rapidly Evolving Complexities of AI Therapy Apps

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This image provided by Dartmouth in September 2025, depicts a text message exchange with the Therabot generative AI chatbot for mental health treatment. (Michael Heinz, Nicholas Jacobson/Dartmouth via AP)

As the demand for AI-driven mental health solutions rises, states are implementing regulations due to the absence of strong federal oversight. Recent laws in states like Illinois and Nevada ban AI applications from addressing mental health, while others like Utah enforce data protection. However, critics argue that the current patchwork legislation fails to adequately protect users, particularly with unregulated chatbots. Many apps remain operational despite state bans, emphasizing the need for clarity. Mental health experts advocate for scientifically-backed chatbots that are moderated by humans to effectively support users before crises occur. The Federal Trade Commission is investigating potential harmful impacts of chatbot technologies, especially on youth. While AI solutions can help alleviate the mental health care shortage, experts caution that they should not replace professional therapy. Thus, comprehensive federal regulation is crucial to ensure user safety and accountability in AI-driven mental health applications.

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